移動模(mo)架（造橋(qiao)機(ji)）是現澆(jiao)梁柱架橋(qiao)工(gong)藝的專用工(gong)程(cheng)設備之一。該設備自帶模(mo)板，利用承(cheng)臺(tai)或墩(dun)柱作為(wei)支撐，對(dui)橋(qiao)梁進行(xing)現場(chang)澆(jiao)筑的施工(gong)機(ji)械(xie)。移動模(mo)架主(zhu)要由支腿(tui)機(ji)構、支承(cheng)桁梁、內(nei)外模(mo)板、主(zhu)梁提升機(ji)構等組成。可完成有移動支架到澆(jiao)筑成型等一系列施工(gong)。
移動模架分為上承式移動模架和下行式移動模架.
上(shang)承(cheng)式移(yi)動(dong)模(mo)(mo)架主(zhu)(zhu)要由主(zhu)(zhu)梁(liang)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、懸(xuan)掛系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、橫移(yi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構及鎖定(ding)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構、模(mo)(mo)板系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、后走(zou)形(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構、支承(cheng)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、電氣液壓系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及輔助設(she)施等部分組(zu)成。主(zhu)(zhu)梁(liang)位于橋面(mian)上(shang)，支承(cheng)點(dian)即支腿位于橋面(mian)或墩頂上(shang)，通過(guo)后走(zou)形(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構可實現自動(dong)走(zou)形(xing)。模(mo)(mo)板系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及梁(liang)體荷載通過(guo)懸(xuan)掛系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)傳遞到主(zhu)(zhu)梁(liang)上(shang)，縱移(yi)過(guo)孔時通過(guo)橫移(yi)開(kai)啟懸(xuan)掛系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和外模(mo)(mo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或橫移(yi)打開(kai)底模(mo)(mo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或旋轉張開(kai)底模(mo)(mo)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)以避開(kai)橋墩。
該類模架的優(you)點在于(yu)：
1. 移動模架占用橋下凈空小(xiao)，對(dui)低矮橋墩具有很強的適應性；
2. 因支承點即(ji)支腿位于橋面或(huo)墩頂上，與(yu)墩周不(bu)發生關系，對空心橋墩可不(bu)作(zuo)處(chu)理，水中橋墩或(huo)橋墩形(xing)狀與(yu)尺寸(cun)變化亦無妨(fang)礙；
3. 支承(cheng)支腿可自行向前倒裝，能實現自動走形，縱移過跨平穩快(kuai)捷；
4. 由于(yu)主(zhu)梁位于(yu)橋面(mian)上，模架可直接通過連續梁；
5. 拆除外(wai)模系統后模架主(zhu)體可通過隧(sui)道，短距離(li)轉場(chang)較為方(fang)便。
下(xia)行式移動(dong)模(mo)架的(de)承(cheng)重主(zhu)兩系(xi)統位于(yu)橋(qiao)面下(xia)方，外(wai)模(mo)系(xi)統支(zhi)承(cheng)載兩側承(cheng)重主(zhu)梁(liang)上(shang)(shang)，主(zhu)梁(liang)系(xi)統通(tong)過(guo)(guo)支(zhi)撐(cheng)托(tuo)架直接支(zhi)撐(cheng)在(zai)承(cheng)臺上(shang)(shang)，或通(tong)過(guo)(guo)在(zai)墩身上(shang)(shang)預留安裝(zhuang)孔安裝(zhuang)支(zhi)撐(cheng)托(tuo)架支(zhi)撐(cheng)；支(zhi)腿設置橫(heng)移位油缸，便(bian)于(yu)調整主(zhu)框架位置，以保(bao)證梁(liang)位的(de)準確，且便(bian)于(yu)曲線過(guo)(guo)孔作業(ye)；過(guo)(guo)孔時外(wai)模(mo)系(xi)統橫(heng)向開(kai)啟以避(bi)開(kai)橋(qiao)墩；外(wai)模(mo)系(xi)統隨主(zhu)梁(liang)系(xi)統一起過(guo)(guo)孔，支(zhi)撐(cheng)托(tuo)架可自行向前倒裝(zhuang)；占用(yong)橋(qiao)下(xia)凈空(kong)稍(shao)大；通(tong)過(guo)(guo)采取相(xiang)應(ying)措施亦對低矮橋(qiao)墩具有(you)較(jiao)強的(de)適(shi)應(ying)性。
下行(xing)式移動(dong)模(mo)(mo)架主要組成有支撐托架、推(tui)進小(xiao)車、主梁(liang)、前鼻梁(liang)、后鼻梁(liang)、橫梁(liang)、外模(mo)(mo)及內模(mo)(mo)系(xi)統組成。下行(xing)式移動(dong)模(mo)(mo)架不受河流、道路影響，安全穩定性高。
